Specificity
CSS Specificity
The algorithm browsers use to determine which CSS rule takes precedence when multiple rules target the same element.
Chi tiết kỹ thuật
CSS specificity is calculated as a tuple (a, b, c): 'a' counts ID selectors, 'b' counts class/attribute/pseudo-class selectors, 'c' counts type/pseudo-element selectors. Inline styles override all selectors. !important overrides inline styles but creates maintenance problems. The new @layer rule (Cascade Layers) adds a fourth dimension to the cascade, allowing authors to define explicit priority ordering for entire groups of styles, reducing specificity wars in large codebases.
Ví dụ
```css
/* Specificity: (0,0,1) — type selector */
p { color: black; }
/* Specificity: (0,1,0) — class selector */
.highlight { color: blue; } /* wins over p */
/* Specificity: (1,0,0) — ID selector */
#title { color: red; } /* wins over .highlight */
```
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